Articles from the CO₂ Lab engineers: how to size consumption and tank volume, what a kilogram of gas really costs, how food-grade CO₂ differs from technical, and what a site needs to be safe.
Gas quality and standards
The difference is not a percentage. It is a list of individually limited impurities, a certificate for every batch and a traceable chain from the filling plant to your tank.
Equipment selection
Carbonation is only a third of the CO₂ a brewery uses. Consumption per hectolitre, where the rest disappears, the purity the product demands, and how to size the tank and vaporizer.
Equipment selection
One supplier quotes per cylinder, another per kilogram, a third per cubic metre of gas. Conversion tables and the four traps that make the cheapest-looking offer the most expensive.
Equipment selection
CO₂ enrichment raises yield only if the gas arrives steadily and at the right temperature. The vaporizer decides both, and in a Ukrainian winter the choice is not obvious.
Equipment selection
A 40-litre cylinder does not hold 40 kg. Here is how much CO₂ each size really carries, how many cylinders your consumption burns through, and the point where a tank starts to cost less.
Equipment selection
An oversized tank ties up money and vents product through the safety valve. An undersized one stops the line when the tanker is late. Here is how to find the middle.
Gas quality and standards
Boiling point, liquid density, gas yield per kilogram and per litre, critical temperature and hazards — the figures engineers look up most often, in one place.
Gas quality and standards
4.6, 5.0, «special purity grade 1» — three ways of writing the same idea. What the numbers mean, which grade each process needs, and what to check in the certificate.
Equipment selection
Nitrogen is colder, dry ice holds more cold per kilogram. A side-by-side table, the tasks each one is right for, and the safety difference people forget.
Installation and operation
Liquid nitrogen cannot be stored — only slowed down. Loss rates by vessel type, why a sealed container is dangerous, and what a room with liquid nitrogen needs.
Installation and operation
CO₂ is not flammable and not toxic in the usual sense, which is exactly why it gets underestimated. Concentration table, the three real hazards, and the site checklist that closes them.
Equipment selection
A pelletizer turns less than half of the liquid it receives into dry ice — the rest flashes off as gas. What that means for the raw material bill, the tank size and the pressure at the inlet.
Gas quality and standards
For a bottler, CO₂ is a food ingredient rather than a technical gas. Which parameters are limited, why a supplier certificate is not enough, and what a minimum laboratory looks like.
Equipment selection
Pure CO₂ is the cheapest shielding gas and the one that spatters most. Where the argon mix pays for itself, how much gas a welding post actually uses, and when a workshop outgrows cylinders.
Installation and operation
The most common reason installation slips is not the equipment but the site. Here is what to prepare so the crew works instead of waiting.
Equipment selection
A rented tank looks free until you read the gas price attached to it. A comparison of the three ownership models, the numbers that decide between them, and what «turnkey» has to include.
Gas quality and standards
Two marking systems still coexist on Ukrainian sites: the European shoulder colours and the old all-over paint. A table of both, plus what the neck stamp tells you.
Equipment selection
The question comes up when cylinders have become expensive but a stationary tank still looks like a big commitment. The answer is decided by three numbers, not by preference.
Send your monthly gas consumption and site conditions — an engineer will work out the tank volume, vaporizer capacity and scope of supply.
